28th November 2019

gsu

17

Why do muscle cells have a lot of mitochondria?

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The ATP is produced in the mitochondria using energy stored in food. Some cells have more mitochondria than others. Your fat cells have many mitochondria because they store a lot of energy. Muscle cells have many mitochondria, which allows them to respond quickly to the need for doing work.

Simply so, why do muscle cells have more mitochondria than other cells?

There are more mitochondria in muscle cells than there are in skin cells. Cells that are more active and/or move more will require a greater energy produced via cellular respiration. Therefore, cells that are more active usually contain more mitochondria than cells that are not as active.

Why do muscle cells require many mitochondria?

This provides energy for life process such as movement and growth. Tissues and organs that need a lot of energy have large numbers of mitochondria in their cells. For example, liver cells and muscle cells contain a lot of mitochondria.

Why do cardiac muscle cells have more mitochondria?

Function of Mitochondria. Just as a car runs on gasoline, your cells run on ATP. It's your heart muscle cells – with about 5,000 mitochondria per cell – that contain far more mitochondria than any other organ in body! That's because the constantly-beating heart works harder than any other organ in your body!

1

Why do sperm cells have a lot of mitochondria?

Each sperm cell also has a haploid nucleus. It has a tail (for motility) which propels it through the cervix, uterus and fallopian tube towards the egg. And each one has many mitochondria (where respiration occurs) to release the energy needed for its journey.

2

What is a mitochondrial disorder?

Mitochondrial diseases are a group of disorders caused by dysfunctional mitochondria, the organelles that generate energy for the cell. Mitochondria are found in every cell of the human body except red blood cells, and convert the energy of food molecules into the ATP that powers most cell functions.

3

How does the mitochondria produce energy for the cell?

Glucose and other carbohydrates made by plants during photosynthesis are broken down by the process of aerobic cellular respiration (requires oxygen) in the mitochondria of the cell. ATP is the energy-carrying molecule produced by the mitochondria through a series of chemical reactions.

4

What caused the creation of mitochondria?

Mitochondria are thought to have originated from an ancient symbiosis that resulted when a nucleated cell engulfed an aerobic prokaryote. The engulfed cell came to rely on the protective environment of the host cell, and, conversely, the host cell came to rely on the engulfed prokaryote for energy production.

5

Which type of cell has the least number of mitochondria?

The number of mitochondria per cell varies widely; for example, in humans, erythrocytes (red blood cells) do not contain any mitochondria, whereas liver cells and muscle cells may contain hundreds or even thousands. The only eukaryotic organism known to lack mitochondria is the oxymonad Monocercomonoides species.

6

How do mitochondria create energy for the cell?

In the matrix of mitochondria the reactions known as the citric acid or Krebs cycle produce a chemical called NADH. NADH is then used by enzymes embedded in the mitochondrial inner membrane to generate adenosine triphosphate (ATP). In ATP the energy is stored in the form of chemical bonds.

7

Why is the mitochondria known as the powerhouse of the cell?

Mitochondria are tiny organelles inside cells that are involved in releasing energy from food. This process is known as cellular respiration. It is for this reason that mitochondria are often referred to as the powerhouses of the cell.

8

How many mitochondria are in a muscle cell?

In heart muscle cells about 40% of the cytoplasmic space is taken up by mitochondria. In liver cells the figure is about 20-25% with 1000 to 2000 mitochondria per cell.

9

What does the mitochondria do?

Mitochondria - Turning on the Powerhouse. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known as cellular respiration.

10

How the mitochondria is adapted for its function?

The structure of the mitochondrion is adapted to the function it performs: Outer membrane – the outer membrane contains transport proteins that enable the shuttling of pyruvate from the cytosol. Cristae – the inner membrane is arranged into folds (cristae) that increase the SA:Vol ratio (more available surface)

11

What is the main function of the mitochondria?

Function. The most prominent roles of mitochondria are to produce the energy currency of the cell, ATP (i.e., phosphorylation of ADP), through respiration, and to regulate cellular metabolism. The central set of reactions involved in ATP production are collectively known as the citric acid cycle, or the Krebs cycle.

12

Where is the mitochondria found in a cell?

Mitochondria are found in all body cells, with the exception of a few. There are usually multiple mitochondria found in one cell, depending upon the function of that type of cell. Mitochondria are located in the cytoplasm of cells along with other organelles of the cell.

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Why is this process called aerobic cellular respiration?

During the Krebs cycle, chemical reactions breakdown carbon-based molecules. 10. Fermentation is important, because it allows glycolysis to continue making ATP when oxygen is unavailable for cellular respiration. Fermentation is an anaerobic process, because it occurs without oxygen.

14

What is the main difference between aerobic and anaerobic respiration?

Difference Between Aerobic and Anaerobic Cellular Respiration. Aerobic respiration requires oxygen in order to generate energy molecule ATP, where as an anaerobic respiration synthesize ATP by using the electron transport chain, with inorganic molecules other than oxygen.

15

What sugar is broken down in the mitochondria?

Glucose and other carbohydrates made by plants during photosynth esis are broken down by the process of aerobic cellular respiration (requires oxygen) in the mitochondria of the cell. This releases energy (ATP) for the cell.

16

Why is there no nucleus in red blood cells?

It allows the red blood cell to contain more haemoglobin (and, therefore, carry more oxygen molecules). It also allows the cell to have its distinctive bi-concave shape which aids diffusion - this shape would not be possible if the cell had a nucleus in the way.

17

Why is it important for cells to have energy?

Complex organic food molecules such as sugars, fats, and proteins are rich sources of energy for cells because much of the energy used to form these molecules is literally stored within the chemical bonds that hold them together.

18

What happens to muscles when they are subject to long periods of vigorous activity and why?

Much less energy is released during anaerobic respiration than during aerobic respiration. This is because the breakdown of glucose is incomplete. Anaerobic respiration produces an oxygen debt. This is the amount of oxygen needed to oxidise lactic acid to carbon dioxide and water.

19

Why is there a lot of mitochondria in muscle cells?

The ATP is produced in the mitochondria using energy stored in food. Some cells have more mitochondria than others. Your fat cells have many mitochondria because they store a lot of energy. Muscle cells have many mitochondria, which allows them to respond quickly to the need for doing work.

20

Why do muscle cells have more mitochondria than other cells?

There are more mitochondria in muscle cells than there are in skin cells. Cells that are more active and/or move more will require a greater energy produced via cellular respiration. Therefore, cells that are more active usually contain more mitochondria than cells that are not as active.

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