2nd October 2019

quora

14

What is unique DNA?

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Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) cotains genetic information of an organism that is unique for each organism. The entire cellular DNA of any organism, bacteria, plant or animal is known as its genome. Each DNA present in a single person can have variations, but if we sequence the whole genome , it would be unique.

Likewise, what is meant by selfish DNA?

Selfish DNA is a term for sequences of DNA that have two distinct properties: the DNA sequence spreads by forming additional copies of itself within the genome; and. it makes no specific contribution to the reproductive success of its host organism. (It may or may not have significant negative effects.)

What is a satellite on a chromosome?

A satellite chromosome or SAT chromosome has a chromosome segment that is separated from the main body of the chromosome by such a secondary constriction. The term is due to Sergei Navashin, in 1912. The satellite at metaphase appears to be attached to the rest of the body of chromosomes by a thread of chromatin.

What is Minisatellites?

A minisatellite is a tract of repetitive DNA in which certain DNA motifs (ranging in length from 10–60 base pairs) are typically repeated 5-50 times. Minisatellites occur at more than 1,000 locations in the human genome and they are notable for their high mutation rate and high diversity in the population.

1

How important is DNA?

DNA is vital for all living beings – even plants. It is important for inheritance, coding for proteins and the genetic instruction guide for life and its processes. DNA holds the instructions for an organism's or each cell's development and reproduction and ultimately death.

2

How much DNA do you have in your body?

Genes are composed of DNA, and it is predicted that there are over 3 billion basepairs in the human genome. Humans have approximately 10 trillion cells, so if you were to line all of the DNA found in every cell of a human body it would stretch from the earth to the sun 100 times!

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How DNA can be used to identify an individual?

That's more than enough to provide a profile that accurately identifies a person. DNA is often left behind at a crime scene. It is present in all kinds of evidence, including blood, hair, skin, saliva, and semen. Scientists can analyze the DNA in evidence samples to see if it matches a suspect's DNA.

4

How many base pairs of your DNA are unique?

The human genome contains approximately 3 billion of these base pairs, which reside in the 23 pairs of chromosomes within the nucleus of all our cells. Each chromosome contains hundreds to thousands of genes, which carry the instructions for making proteins.

5

How much of your DNA is unique to you?

Whether that's a little or a lot of variation depends on your perspective. There are more than three million differences between your genome and anyone else's. On the other hand, we are all 99.9 percent the same, DNA-wise. (By contrast, we are only about 99 percent the same as our closest relatives, chimpanzees.)

6

What are the four ways that RNA differs from DNA?

Sugar-base: RNA has ribose instead of deoxyribose as its base, which differ by one -OH group coming off the ring. Nucleotides: Both DNA and RNA use adenine, guanine and cytosine as the nucleotides in their chain (the bits representing the genetic code), but where DNA has thymine, RNA has uracil.

7

Which genes are involved in colon cancer?

Colon cancer is one of the most common inherited cancer syndromes known. Among the genes found to be involved in colorectal cancer are: MSH2 and MSH6 both on chromosome 2 and MLH1, on chromosome 3. Normally, the protein products of these genes help to repair mistakes made in DNA replication.

8

How does each person have their own DNA fingerprint?

The main idea underlying DNA Fingerprinting is that a DNA Fingerprint is the same for every cell, tissue, blood, and others of an individual. The individual traits of every person are contained in their DNA. And this unique sequence in the order of the base pairs makes each person's DNA unique and different.

9

What is DNA fingerprinting and what is it used for?

DNA fingerprinting is a laboratory technique used to establish a link between biological evidence and a suspect in a criminal investigation. A DNA sample taken from a crime scene is compared with a DNA sample from a suspect.

10

How is DNA linked to the production of proteins?

The type of RNA that contains the information for making a protein is called messenger RNA (mRNA) because it carries the information, or message, from the DNA out of the nucleus into the cytoplasm. A type of RNA called transfer RNA (tRNA) assembles the protein, one amino acid at a time.

11

What is an allelic interaction?

Allele interactions: Terms used to specify interactions between alleles of. the same gene: • Dominant/recessive incompletely dominant codominant. Gene Interactions: Specific alleles of one gene mask or modify. (enhance, suppress or in some way alter) the expression of alleles of a.

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What are allelic gene?

Allele. If both alleles at a gene (or locus) on the homologous chromosomes are the same, they and the organism are homozygous with respect to that gene (or locus). If the alleles are different, they and the organism are heterozygous with respect to that gene.

13

Why Hemophilia is more common in males than in females?

Since females have two X chromosomes, a mutation must be present in both copies of the gene to cause the hemophilia. Males are affected by X-linked recessive disorders much more frequently than females.

14

Can a man be a carrier of hemophilia?

The father only passes half of his sex chromosomes to the baby, either the X or the Y. If the baby gets the Y chromosome from the father it will be a boy. Since the Y chromosome does not carry the hemophilia gene, a son born to a man with hemophilia and a woman who is not a carrier will not have hemophilia.

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Is Hemophilia more common in men?

Thus, males can have a disease like hemophilia if they inherit an affected X chromosome that has a mutation in either the factor VIII or factor IX gene. Females can also have hemophilia, but this is much rarer. In such cases both X chromosomes are affected or one is affected and the other is missing or inactive.

16

How long is the average lifespan of a person with hemophilia?

Without adequate treatment, many people with hemophilia die before they reach adulthood. However, with proper treatment, life expectancy for people with hemophilia is about 10 years less than that of males without hemophilia, and children can look forward to a normal life expectancy.

17

Is Hemophilia A curable?

Currently, there is no cure for hemophilia. But scientists are always trying to find a cure. They believe the answer lies in gene therapy. The chemical "directions" for blood clotting are found on a certain gene in each cell of the body.

18

Can a person with hemophilia have a kid?

A female who inherits one affected X chromosome becomes a “carrier” of hemophilia. She can pass the affected gene on to her children. In addition, a female who is a carrier sometimes can have symptoms of hemophilia. In fact, some doctors describe these women as having mild hemophilia.

19

Is Hemophilia a fatal disease?

Without proper treatment, hemophilia is crippling and often fatal. With modern treatment, most people with hemophilia can lead full, active lives. Hemophilia is classified as severe, moderate or mild.

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