AnswersDriveAnother organelle in the cell is the endoplasmic reticulum (ER). While the function of the nucleus is to act as the cell brain, the ER functions as a manufacturing and packaging system. It works closely with the Golgi apparatus, ribososmes, mRNA, and tRNA.
What is produced by the smooth ER?
Organ systems which produce many proteins have cells with a large amount of rough endoplasmic reticulum. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum plays a major role in synthesizing lipids by means of enzymes embedded in these smooth membranes.
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What is the largest organelle in the cell?
Structure - The largest organelle in the cell. It is dark and round, and is surrounded by a double membrane called the nuclear envelope/membrane. In spots the nuclear envelope fuses to form pores which are selectively permeable. The nucleus contains genetic information (DNA) on special strands called chromosomes.
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What does the Golgi do?
The Golgi apparatus gathers simple molecules and combines them to make molecules that are more complex. It then takes those big molecules, packages them in vesicles, and either stores them for later use or sends them out of the cell. It is also the organelle that builds lysosomes (cell digestion machines).
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What is the analogy of the endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum creates a network of membranes found throughout the whole cell. These would be analogous to the stairs and hallways. They help us get from place to place. The ribosomes function as factories and produce proteins.
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What is the function of the ribosome?
Function of Ribosomes. Ribosomes are a cell structure that makes protein. Protein is needed for many cell functions such as repairing damage or directing chemical processes. Ribosomes can be found floating within the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum.
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What is the Golgi body in a cell?
The Golgi body is an organelle found in most eukaryotic cells. Also referred to as the Golgi apparatus or the Golgi complex, it's part of the cell's endomembrane system. Proteins are synthesized in the rough endoplasmic reticulum, then they travel to the Golgi body.
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What is the nucleus for?
The nucleus is an organelle found in eukaryotic cells. Inside its fully-enclosed nuclear membrane, it contains the majority of the cell's genetic material. This material is organized as DNA molecules, along with a variety of proteins, to form chromosomes.
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Is the endoplasmic reticulum double membrane bound?
It has special structures called Cell Organelles in it. Cell Organelles are organ like each performing specific function/s but formed of molecules and membranes only (sub-cellular). Double Membrane bound Organelles: Mitochondria, Chloroplasts, Endoplasmic Reticulum, Golgi Body, and Nucleus.
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What is endoplasmic reticulum made up of?
The membranes that make up the rough endoplasmic reticulum are composed of lipids just like the membrane that surrounds the entire cell itself. The surface of rough endoplasmic reticulum is dotted with other organelles known as ribosomes. Ribosomes are cellular organelles composed of two subunits that produce proteins.
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What is the function of the smooth ER?
Definition of the Smooth ER. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum, or smooth ER, is an organelle found in both animal cells and plant cells. An organelle is a sub-unit within a cell that has a specialized function. The main function of the smooth ER is to make cellular products like hormones and lipids.
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What is the smooth endoplasmic reticulum?
a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum), involved in the transport of materials.
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What is the difference between the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum?
Both the smooth and rough endoplasmic reticulum help in the production and storage of proteins The main difference is that one contains ribosomes on it and the other does not. The rough endoplasmic reticulum (RER) has ribosomes on its surface. The smooth endoplasmic reticulum (SER) does not contain ribosomes.
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Why is the ER important in a cell?
Ribosomes on the rough endoplasmic reticulum are called 'membrane bound' and are responsible for the assembly of many proteins. This process is called translation. Certain cells of the pancreas and digestive tract produce a high volume of protein as enzymes.
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What is the main function of endoplasmic reticulum?
The endoplasmic reticulum serves many general functions, including the folding of protein molecules in sacs called cisternae and the transport of synthesized proteins in vesicles to the Golgi apparatus.
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What is rough endoplasmic reticulum?
a network of tubular membranes within the cytoplasm of the cell, occurring either with a smooth surface (smooth endoplasmic reticulum) or studded with ribosomes (rough endoplasmic reticulum), involved in the transport of materials.
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Is the endoplasmic reticulum in plant and animal cells?
Structurally, plant and animal cells are very similar because they are both eukaryotic cells. They both contain membrane-bound organelles such as the nucleus, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, golgi apparatus, lysosomes, and peroxisomes.
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What does a nucleus do in a cell?
The cell nucleus contains the majority of the cell's genetic material in the form of multiple linear DNA molecules organized into structures called chromosomes. Each human cell contains roughly two meters of DNA.
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What is the main function of the cell nucleus?
This organelle has two major functions: it stores the cell's hereditary material, or DNA, and it coordinates the cell's activities, which include growth, intermediary metabolism, protein synthesis, and reproduction (cell division). Only the cells of advanced organisms, known as eukaryotes, have a nucleus.
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What does the mitochondria do?
Mitochondria - Turning on the Powerhouse. Mitochondria are known as the powerhouses of the cell. They are organelles that act like a digestive system which takes in nutrients, breaks them down, and creates energy rich molecules for the cell. The biochemical processes of the cell are known as cellular respiration.
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What does the chloroplasts do?
Animal cells do not have chloroplasts. Chloroplasts work to convert light energy of the Sun into sugars that can be used by cells. The entire process is called photosynthesis and it all depends on the little green chlorophyll molecules in each chloroplast. Plants are the basis of all life on Earth.