21st November 2019

reachoutmichigan

17

What is the cause of convection in the atmosphere?

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Weather activity happens when wet air goes up into the atmosphere and cooler air comes down from the atmosphere. One cause of rising air in our atmosphere is from the process called convection. Warm air rises above cold air by convection. Clouds form when water vapor condenses and molecules cling to each other.

Then, what are the convection currents and what causes them?

In astronomy convection currents occur in the mantle of the Earth, and presumably some other planets, and the convection zone of the sun. Inside of the Earth, magma is heated near the core, rises toward the crust, then cools and sinks back toward the core.

Why do convection take place?

Convection occurs when particles with a lot of heat energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of particles with less heat energy. Heat energy is transferred from hot places to cooler places by convection. Liquids and gases expand when they are heated.

What are the main causes of convection currents in the atmosphere?

Lighter (less dense), warm material rises while heavier (more dense) cool material sinks. It is this movement that creates circulation patterns known as convection currents in the atmosphere, in water, and in the mantle of Earth. In the atmosphere, as air warms it rises, allowing cooler air to flow in underneath.

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How does convection affect weather and climate?

For example, convection can affect fog layers that are often seen on cool fall mornings, when the air close to the surface is warmer than the atmospheric air higher up. Smoke rising from a fire can also show the conduction currents present as the heated air goes up.

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Why do convection cells form?

These density differences result in rising and/or falling currents, which are the key characteristics of a convection cell. When a volume of fluid is heated, it expands and becomes less dense and thus more buoyant than the surrounding fluid.

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How does convection have an effect on weather?

Convection. Convection is one of the major processes creating our weather. Convection is one cause of rising air in our atmosphere, usually warm air rises above cold air.

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How does convection affect the atmosphere?

Energy is transferred between the earth's surface and the atmosphere via conduction, convection, and radiation. Conduction is the process by which heat energy is transmitted through contact with neighboring molecules. Convection occurs in fluids such as water and air, which move freely.

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What are the main causes of convection currents in the atmosphere?

Lighter (less dense), warm material rises while heavier (more dense) cool material sinks. It is this movement that creates circulation patterns known as convection currents in the atmosphere, in water, and in the mantle of Earth. In the atmosphere, as air warms it rises, allowing cooler air to flow in underneath.

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How does conduction happen?

The better the conductor, the more rapidly heat will be transferred. Metal is a good conduction of heat. Conduction occurs when a substance is heated, particles will gain more energy, and vibrate more. These molecules then bump into nearby particles and transfer some of their energy to them.

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What is convection in the atmosphere?

Atmospheric convection is the result of a parcel-environment instability, or temperature difference, layer in the atmosphere. Different lapse rates within dry and moist air masses lead to instability.

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What do convection currents cause?

The force that causes most of the plate movement is thermal convection, where heat from the Earth's interior causes currents of hot rising magma and cooler sinking magma to flow, moving the plates of the crust along with them.

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How does convection occur in Earth's mantle?

Convection currents in the magma drive plate tectonics. Heat generated from the radioactive decay of elements deep in the interior of the Earth creates magma (molten rock) in the aesthenosphere. The aesthenosphere (70 ~ 250 km) is part of the mantle, the middle sphere of the Earth that extends to 2900 km.

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How are convection currents created in the atmosphere?

In meteorology, convection refers primarily to atmospheric motions in the vertical direction. As the bottom of the pot (earth's surface) begins to heat the water (lower atmosphere), warmer and less dense water evaporates and rises (thermal) into the drier, colder air above the pot (middle atmosphere).

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How many convection cells are in Earth's atmosphere?

The atmosphere has six major convection cells, three in the northern hemisphere and three in the southern. Coriolis effect results in there being three convection cells per hemisphere rather than one. Winds blow at the base of the atmospheric convection cells.

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What is the role of radiation in the atmosphere?

Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere (such as water vapor and carbon dioxide) absorb most of the Earth's emitted longwave infrared radiation, which heats the lower atmosphere.

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Why does most precipitation fall into the ocean?

During evaporation, liquid water turns into a gas, known as water vapor. The water vapor condenses to form clouds and then falls from the clouds as precipitation. Most of the precipitation that reaches the surface of Earth falls onto the land, but some enters directly back into the ocean.

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What does convection in Earth's mantle produce?

Mantle convection is the slow creeping motion of Earth's solid silicate mantle caused by convection currents carrying heat from the interior of the Earth to the surface. This hot added material cools down by conduction and convection of heat.

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How does radiation have an effect on the atmosphere?

Atmospheric Effects on Incoming Solar Radiation. Three atmospheric processes modify the solar radiation passing through our atmosphere destined to the Earth's surface. These processes act on the radiation when it interacts with gases and suspended particles found in the atmosphere.

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Why do convection take place?

Convection occurs when particles with a lot of heat energy in a liquid or gas move and take the place of particles with less heat energy. Heat energy is transferred from hot places to cooler places by convection. Liquids and gases expand when they are heated.

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How is energy transferred through space?

Radiation is the transfer of heat energy through space by electromagnetic radiation. Most of the electromagnetic radiation that comes to the earth from the sun is invisible. Only a small portion comes as visible light. Light is made of waves of different frequencies.

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How energy is transferred in the ocean?

Energy in the Atmosphere. Temperature differences in the atmosphere are a result of the way solar energy is absorbed as it moves through the atmosphere. The transfer of heat energy within the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and the Earth's surface and interior occurs as a result of radiation, convection, and conduction.

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How is heat transferred by radiation?

Heat can be transferred from one place to another by three methods: conduction in solids, convection of fluids (liquids or gases), and radiation through anything that will allow radiation to pass. The method used to transfer heat is usually the one that is the most efficient.

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