Plastic deformation is a process in which permanent deformation is caused by a sufficient load. It produces a permanent change in the shape or size of a solid body without fracture, resulting from the application of sustained stress beyond the elastic limit.
What is slip in engineering?
In materials science, a slip system describes the set of symmetrically identical slip planes and associated family of slip directions for which dislocation motion can easily occur and lead to plastic deformation.
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What is the process of deformation?
A forming operation is one in which the shape of a metal sample is altered by plastic deformation. Forming processes include stamping, rolling, extrusion and forging, where deformation is induced by external compressive forces or stresses exceeding the yield stress of the material.
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What is bulk deformation process?
Four Basic Bulk Deformation Processes. Rolling – slab or plate is squeezed between opposing rolls. Forging – work is squeezed and shaped between between opposing dies. Extrusion – work is squeezed through a die opening, thereby taking the shape of the opening.
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What is meant by forming process?
Forming processes are particular manufacturing processes which make use of suitable stresses (like compression, tension, shear or combined stresses) which cause plastic deformation of the materials to produce required shapes. Some of example of forming processes are: Forging. Extrusion.
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What is the cold forming process?
Cold forming is the process of forging metals at near room temperatures. In cold forming metal is formed at high speed and high pressure into tool steel or carbide dies. The cold working of the metal increases the hardness, yield, and tensile strengths.
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What is the joining process?
Brazing is a joining process in which a filler metal is melted and drawn into a capillary formed by the assembly of two or more work pieces. The filler metal reacts metallurgically with the workpiece(s) and solidifies in the capillary, forming a strong joint.
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What is joining and assembly?
In the welding process, two or more parts are heated and melted or forced together, causing the joined parts to function as one. There are many different types of welding operations, such as the various arc welding, resistance welding and oxyfuel gas welding methods.
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What is assembly in manufacturing?
An assembly line is a manufacturing process (often called a progressive assembly) in which parts (usually interchangeable parts) are added as the semi-finished assembly moves from workstation to workstation where the parts are added in sequence until the final assembly is produced.
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How is Henry Ford?
His introduction of the Model T automobile revolutionized transportation and American industry. As the owner of the Ford Motor Company, he became one of the richest and best-known people in the world. He is credited with "Fordism": mass production of inexpensive goods coupled with high wages for workers.
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What is legislative assembly in India?
A Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency) to the legislature of the State government in the Indian system of government.
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Is Rajya Sabha and Vidhan Sabha same?
1) Rajya Sabha is one of the houses of Parliament at the central level and its members are called MP. Vidhan Sabha is legislative body at state level and its members are called MLA. 2) MPs of Rajya Sabha are indirectly elected by people except the 12 persons nominated by the President of India.
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What is the difference between MP and MLA?
A Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency) to the Legislation of a State in the Indian system of government. Each state has between seven and nine MLA for every Member of Parliament (MP) that it has in the Lok Sabha.
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How a MLA is elected in India?
Member of Legislative Assembly (MLA) is a representative elected by the voters of an electoral district (constituency) to the Legislature of a State in the Indian system of government. Each state has between seven and nine MLAs for every Member of Parliament (MP) that it has in the Lok Sabha.
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What is work of MLC?
The Maritime Labour Convention (MLC) is an International Labour Organization convention, number 186, established in 2006 as the fourth pillar of international maritime law and embodies "all up-to-date standards of existing international maritime labour Conventions and Recommendations, as well as the fundamental
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What is the role of MLC in India?
Elected representatives of Vidhan Sabha are called MLA while those nominated to Vidhan Parishad are called MLC. On the other hand MLC stands for Member of Legislative Council and is either a nominated member of the legislature or elected by a restricted electorate like teachers and lawyers.
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What is the meaning of STCW?
The International Convention on Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping for Seafarers (STCW), 1978 sets minimum qualification standards for masters, officers and watch personnel on seagoing merchant ships.
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How much does it cost to get your STCW?
The full five-day STCW Basic Safety Training (BST) modular course, consisting of the four independent modules, costs approximately US$900–$1,000 if taken in the United States. The cost of STCW Basic Training courses can range anywhere from US$900–$1,880 if taken in Europe or Australia.
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How long is the STCW valid for?
How long are STCW certificates valid for? From 1 January 2017, the STCW Survival and Fire Fighting Certificates will only be valid for 5 years. This means anyone who attended one of these courses before 1 January 2012 will need to do a refresher course before the end of 2016.
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What is STCW endorsement?
STCW endorsements. STCW is an international agreement by the maritime nations to mutually accept certain seafaring qualifications. On British flagged vessels operating in the UK or in many non-UK ports, an RYA certificate of competence with a commercial endorsement fulfils all legal requirements.
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What is an STCW?
STCW-95 stands for Standards of Training, Certification and Watchkeeping. Created by the International Maritime Organisation in 1978 and amended in 1995, the STCW-95 code came into international effect in February 2003. The code was introduced to set minimum international training standards for professional mariners.