6th October 2019

yournursingtutor

14

What is hypertonic solution used for?

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3% saline is typically used to treat severe cases of hyponatremia (low sodium). This makes sense because if your blood stream has become hypotonic and it's supposed to be isotonic, then adding a hypertonic solution will help increase the electrolyte imbalance back to normal levels.

Likewise, what IV solution is hypertonic?

IV fluid tonicity

0.9% NaCl (normal saline)	isotonic
0.45% NaCl	hypotonic
2.5% dextrose	hypotonic
Lactated Ringer's solution	isotonic
D5W (acts as a hypotonic solution in body)	isotonic

Is normal saline isotonic or hypertonic?

Anything higher than 295 mOsm/L is considered hypertonic, and anything below 275 hypotonic. There are of course some exceptions, take for instance Normal Saline, or 0.9% NaCl. Its osmolarity is generally around 308, but it is still considered isotonic because it contains the electrolyte combination NaCl as its solute.

Is sodium chloride a hypertonic solution?

3% and 5% Sodium Chloride Injection, USP is a sterile, nonpyrogenic, hypertonic solution for fluid and electrolyte replenishment in single dose containers for intravenous administration. The pH may have been adjusted with hydrochloric acid. It contains no antimicrobial agents.

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What is an example of a hypertonic solution?

A hypertonic solution is a particular type of solution that has a greater concentration of solutes on the outside of a cell when compared with the inside of a cell.

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What is normal saline used for?

?Normal saline is a mixture of salt and water. It is called normal because its salt concentration is similar to tears, blood and other body fluids (0.9% saline). It is also called isotonic solution.

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What is hypertonic dehydration?

Hyponatremic (hypotonic) dehydration occurs when the lost fluid contains more sodium than the blood (loss of hypertonic fluid). Hypernatremic (hypertonic) dehydration occurs when the lost fluid contains less sodium than the blood (loss of hypotonic fluid). Relatively less sodium than water is lost.

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What does 3% saline do?

Hypertonic saline refers to any saline solution with a concentration of sodium chloride (NaCl) higher than physiologic (0.9%). Commonly used preparations include 2%, 3%, 5%, 7%, and 23% NaCl. HTS may have an important role in preventing and treating the effects of secondary brain injury.

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What is in a hypertonic solution?

Hypertonic solutions

3% Saline.
5% Saline.
10% Dextrose in Water (D10W)
5% Dextrose in 0.9% Saline.
5% Dextrose in 0.45% saline.
5% Dextrose in Lactated Ringer's.

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What is a hypotonic solution to a cell?

A hypotonic solution is any solution that has a lower osmotic pressure than another solution. In the biological fields, this generally refers to a solution that has less solute and more water than another solution.

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Which IV fluid to use?

0.45% sodium chloride (0.45% NaCl), 0.33% sodium chloride, 0.2% sodium chloride, and 2.5% dextrose in water. Hypotonic fluids are used to treat patients with conditions causing intracellular dehydration, when fluid needs to be shifted into the cell , such as:1. Hypernatremia2. Diabetic ketoacidosis3.

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What is the meaning of a hypertonic solution?

A hypertonic solution (pronounced "HĪ-per-TAWN-ik") is a solution with a higher concentration of solute (dissolved substance) than some other, specified solution (and which therefore has a higher osmotic pressure than the other solution). The solution with the lower concentration is then termed hypotonic.

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What is an example of hypotonic solution?

The type of solution provides free water, sodium and chloride but does not provide calories or other electrolytes. An example of a hypotonic solution is 0.45% sodium chloride (0.45% NS), commonly called half normal saline.

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What is hypotonic in a cell?

In a hypotonic solution the total molar concentration of all dissolved solute particles is less than that of another solution or less than that of a cell. If concentrations of dissolved solutes are less outside the cell than inside, the concentration of water outside is correspondingly greater.

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What is ringers lactate used for?

Ringer's lactate solution (RL), also known as sodium lactate solution and Hartmann's solution, is a mixture of sodium chloride, sodium lactate, potassium chloride, and calcium chloride in water. It is used for replacing fluids and electrolytes in those who have low blood volume or low blood pressure.

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Is salt water a hypotonic or hypertonic solution?

Pure water is definitely hypotonic. A saturated salt solution is definitely hypertonic. In between, depending on the cell and the salt, there will be an isotonic concentration, where everything is balanced.

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What fluid do you give in Hypernatremia?

In patients with hypernatremia of longer or unknown duration, reducing the sodium concentration more slowly is prudent. Patients should be given intravenous 5% dextrose for acute hypernatremia or half-normal saline (0.45% sodium chloride) for chronic hypernatremia if unable to tolerate oral water.

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What happens to cells in a hypotonic solution?

The plant wilts because there is a loss of turgor pressure. What happens when a plant cell is placed in a hypotonic solution? The greatest concentration of water is outside the cell. Therefore, water enters the cell and fills the central vacuole, causing the contents of the plant cell to press against the cell wall.

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What are the hypotonic solutions?

The list of Hypotonic solutions is easy to remember, because it really only includes one true hypotonic solution (plus one “faker”): 0.45% Saline. *5% Dextrose in Water (this is technically isotonic, but once the dextrose is absorbed then it acts on the body as if it were hypotonic)

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Is all water hypotonic?

The less concentrated outside solution is termed hypotonic. Since distilled water has far less solute concentration than cell fluid, it is termed hypotonic.

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What is a d5w solution?

Dextrose is a form of glucose (sugar). Dextrose 5% in water is injected into a vein through an IV to replace lost fluids and provide carbohydrates to the body. Dextrose 5% in water is used to treat low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), insulin shock, or dehydration (fluid loss).

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Is Ringer's lactate isotonic?

May be isotonic, hypertonic, or hypotonic. Normal Saline (0.9% NaCl), Lactated Ringer's, Hypertonic saline (3, 5, & 7.5%), Ringer's solution. O solutions: provide water that is not bound by macromolecules or organelles, free to pass through.

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What will happen if a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution?

If a plant cell is placed in a hypertonic solution, the plant cell loses water and hence turgor pressure by plasmolysis: pressure decreases to the point where the protoplasm of the cell peels away from the cell wall, leaving gaps between the cell wall and the membrane and making the plant cell shrink and crumple.

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