26th November 2019

quora

18

What are the three main functions of DNA?

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The three main functions of DNA are as follows.

To form proteins and RNA.
To exchange the genetic material of parental chromosomes during meiotic cell division.
To facilitate occurring mutations and even mutational change in a single nucleotide pair, called point mutation.

Correspondingly, what is DNA and explain its function?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of living things. All known cellular life and some viruses contain DNA. The main role of DNA in the cell is the long-term storage of information.

How does DNA dictate the functions of a cell?

(Marieb 52) DNA is able to dictate the functions of a particular cell by providing instructions and holding the code for proteins. Then, this information is kept by the messenger molecule and translated into a comprehensible language of amino acids, the building blocks of proteins, that can be understood.

What does DNA control in the body?

The nucleus of a cell contains chromosomes, which carry genetic information in a long molecule called DNA. Genes are regions of DNA that carry the code to control a particular cell activity or the production of a particular protein.

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What are the two main functions of DNA?

DNA therefore has two essential functions: replication and expression.

Replication means that the DNA, with all its genes, must be copied every time a cell divides.
Expression means that the genes on DNA must control characteristics. A gene is a section of DNA that codes for a particular protein.

2

What are the basic components of DNA?

DNA has three types of chemical component: phosphate, a sugar called deoxyribose, and four nitrogenous bases—adenine, guanine, cytosine, and thymine. Two of the bases, adenine and guanine, have a double-ring structure characteristic of a type of chemical called a purine.

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What are the functions of the gene?

A gene is the basic physical and functional unit of heredity. Genes, which are made up of DNA, act as instructions to make molecules called proteins. In humans, genes vary in size from a few hundred DNA bases to more than 2 million bases.

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What is the shape of a DNA strand?

double helix

5

What is the function of the cell lysis solution?

A lysis buffer is a buffer solution used for the purpose of breaking open cells for use in molecular biology experiments that analyze the compounds of the cells (e.g. western blot). Most lysis buffers contain salts (e.g. Tris-HCl or EDTA) to regulate the acidity and osmolarity of the lysate.

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What is the role of genes in the cell?

Each gene occupies a specific position on a chromosome. Because genes provide instructions for making proteins, and proteins determine the structure and function of each cell in the body, it follows that genes are responsible for all the characteristics you inherit.

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Why is DNA important to a society as a whole?

DNA testing plays an important role in research. The word 'DNA' stands for deoxyribonucleic acid. DNA is essential to the proper functioning of human cells. In fact, DNA is actually referred to as the blueprint or the foundation which holds the information required for encoding the proteins and other cell components.

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How many strands of DNA are there?

Human cells contain 23 pairs of chromosomes (46 chromosomes in total). Each chromosome is formed by 2 strands of DNA that hydrogen-bonded to each other make the classic DNA double helix (double-stranded DNA). So, in total there are 46*2=92 strands of DNA in each diploid human cell!

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What is the function of the chromosomes?

The Function of Chromosomes. Chromosomes are the thread-like structure found in the nuclei of both animal and plant cells. They are made of protein and one molecule of deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

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Why is DNA important to you as a human being?

DNA Biological Functions. DNA is vital for all living beings – even plants. It is important for inheritance, coding for proteins and the genetic instruction guide for life and its processes. DNA holds the instructions for an organism's or each cell's development and reproduction and ultimately death.

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Why is the ability of body cells to divide important?

There are two types of cell division. Mitosis is used for growth and repair and produces diploid cells identical to each other and the parent cell. Meiosis is used for sexual reproduction and produces haploid cells different to each other and the parent cell.

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What is the role of DNA and RNA in the cell?

As for function DNA is basically a string of genes and RNA is what converts the information in the DNA into proteins. DNA is the control molecule of the cell and sits in the nucleus. It is made of two strands, connected by hydrogen bonds. Each strand is made of nucleotides.

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How does evolution affect DNA?

A mutation is a change in DNA, the hereditary material of life. An organism's DNA affects how it looks, how it behaves, and its physiology. So a change in an organism's DNA can cause changes in all aspects of its life. Mutations are essential to evolution; they are the raw material of genetic variation.

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What does the DNA code for?

The cell reads the DNA code in groups of three bases. Each triplet of bases, also called a codon, specifies which amino acid^? will be added next during protein synthesis. There are 20 different amino acids, which are the building blocks of proteins.

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What is the main purpose of DNA?

Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) is a nucleic acid that contains the genetic instructions for the development and function of living things. All known cellular life and some viruses contain DNA. The main role of DNA in the cell is the long-term storage of information.

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Which cells in the human body contain DNA?

Not every cell in the human body contains DNA bundled in a cell nucleus. Specifically, mature red blood cells and cornified cells in the skin, hair, and nails contain no nucleus. Mature hair cells do not contain any nuclear DNA. Public Domain Image, source: Christopher S. Baird.

17

What factors determine the speed by which DNA fragments will move through an electrophoresis gel?

To separate DNA using agarose gel electrophoresis, the DNA is loaded into pre-cast wells in the gel and a current applied. The phosphate backbone of the DNA (and RNA) molecule is negatively charged, therefore when placed in an electric field, DNA fragments will migrate to the positively charged anode.

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What is the role of DNA in the synthesis of protein?

The first of these steps is the one that utilizes DNA and it's called transcription, which is the process of using DNA to create messenger RNA, also simply called mRNA. This mRNA is a molecule that carries DNA's coded instructions for making a protein.

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What are the three main function of DNA?

The four roles DNA plays are replication, encoding information, mutation/recombination and gene expression.

Replication. DNA exists in a double-helical arrangement, in which each base along one strand binds to a complementary base on the other strand.
Encoding Information.
Mutation and Recombination.
Gene Expression.

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Why is a DNA profile referred to as a genetic fingerprint?

DNA (deoxyribonucleic acid) represents the blueprint of the human genetic makeup. A DNA fingerprint, therefore, is a DNA pattern that has a unique sequence such that it can be distinguished from the DNA patterns of other individuals. DNA fingerprinting is also called DNA typing.

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