AnswersDriveFjord - Wikipedia : “Geologically, a fjord is a long, narrow inlet with steep sides or cliffs, created by glacial erosion.” If the inlet is connected to the ocean, the water in the fjord will be salt water. If the inlet is connected to a (freshwater) lake, the water in the fjord will be fresh water.
What countries have fjords?
A fjord is a long, deep, narrow body of water that reaches far inland. Fjords are often set in a U-shaped valley with steep walls of rock on either side. Fjords are found mainly in Norway, Chile, New Zealand, Canada, Greenland, and the U.S. state of Alaska.
What is the longest fjord in the world?
The longest fjords in the world are:
- Scoresby Sund in Greenland - 350 km (220 mi)
- Sognefjord in Norway - 203 km (126 mi)
- Hardangerfjord in Norway - 179 km (111 mi)
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Do the fjords freeze?
The relatively warm ocean in particular keeps the fjord area relatively warm throughout the winter. Fjords generally don't freeze over in winter. The outer part of West Norway fjords have on average temperatures above 0°C (frost) in January, while the inner parts have average January temperatures close to freezing.
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What is the definition of a glacier?
Agpat Glacier: From the Glacier Photograph Collection. Glaciers are made up of fallen snow that, over many years, compresses into large, thickened ice masses. Glaciers form when snow remains in one location long enough to transform into ice.
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Is a glacier and an iceberg the same thing?
The difference between an Iceberg and Glacier is that the iceberg is the piece of a glacier that breaks off of (or calves) when temperatures warm up. Glaciers are made up of a large mass of snow and ice mixture that covers the valley floor of a mountain range.
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Why are the glaciers melting?
Melting Glaciers. Glaciers are large sheets of snow and ice that are found on land all year long. They're found in the western United States, Alaska, the mountains of Europe and Asia, and many other parts of the world. Warmer temperatures cause glaciers to melt faster than they can accumulate new snow.
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What will happen when the glaciers melt?
Sea Levels Rise. If a majority of the world's glaciers melt, including ice sheets, sea levels would rise significantly. But the largest ice sheets and glaciers, in Antarctica and Greenland, hold enough water to flood coastal cities and drastically change the world's coastlines.
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What is the main problem caused by melting glaciers?
Although mountain glaciers store less than one per cent of the total ice on earth, they are a major cause of global sea-level rise over the 20th century because they have melted so rapidly. The smaller glaciers of the Alps and Rocky Mountains are among the fastest disappearing masses of non-polar ice.
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How do the glaciers melt?
A glacier forms when snow accumulates over time, turns to ice, and begins to flow outwards and downwards under the pressure of its own weight. In polar and high-altitude alpine regions, glaciers generally accumulate more snow in the winter than they lose in the summer from melting, evaporation, or calving.
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Why is the sea level rising?
The two major causes of global sea level rise are thermal expansion caused by warming of the ocean (since water expands as it warms) and increased melting of land-based ice, such as glaciers and ice sheets.
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How high will the sea level rise if Antarctica melts?
If all the ice covering Antarctica, Greenland, and in mountain glaciers around the world were to melt, sea level would rise about 70 meters (230 feet). The ocean would cover all the coastal cities. And land area would shrink significantly. But many cities, such as Denver, would survive.
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How long does it take for a glacier to melt?
It is in the metamorphic process of snow-becoming-ice. Eventually, firn changes into solid glacier ice. Firn takes about a year to form. (In colder parts of the world, this could take as long as 100 years.)
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How long does it take for a glacier to move?
Most lakes in the world occupy basins scoured out by glaciers. Glacial motion can be fast (up to 30 m/day, observed on Jakobshavn Isbræ in Greenland) or slow (0.5 m/year on small glaciers or in the center of ice sheets), but is typically around 1 metre/day.
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How would the melting of glaciers affect humans?
Glaciers affect people positively because glaciers provide fresh drinking water. Glaciers irrigate crops by melted snow and ice. They help generate hydro electricity because scientists and engineers built dams over glacier melt water. Glaciers are dangerous because they can cause massive flooding and large avalanches.
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Why glaciers are important to humans?
Glaciers are important indicators of global warming and climate change in several ways. Melting ice sheets contribute to rising sea levels. As ice sheets in Antarctica and Greenland melt, they raise the level of the ocean. Tons of fresh water are added to the ocean every day.
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How does human activities affect the glaciers?
Humans Are to Blame for Earth's Rapidly Melting Glaciers. Human influence is melting glaciers, including the Artesonraju Glacier in Peru. The steady melt of glacial ice around the world is largely due to man-made factors, such as greenhouse-gas emissions and aerosols, a new study finds.
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What are some interesting facts about glaciers?
Approximately 10 percent of the Earth is covered by glaciers; during the last Ice Age, they covered one-third of the Earth's surface. 9. Glacier ice is the largest reservoir of fresh water on the planet, storing an estimated 75 percent of the world's supply. 7.
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How glaciers are formed?
Glaciers begin to form when snow remains in the same area year-round, where enough snow accumulates to transform into ice. Each year, new layers of snow bury and compress the previous layers. This compression forces the snow to re-crystallize, forming grains similar in size and shape to grains of sugar.
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What is the largest glacier in the world?
The world's largest glacier is the Lambert glacier in Antarctica , according to the United States Geological Survey.The glacier is more than 60 miles (96 km) wide at its widest point, about 270 miles (435) long, and has been measured to be 8,200 feet (2,500 meters) deep at its center.
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How high were the glaciers in the Ice Age?
At the height of the recent glaciation, the ice grew to more than 12,000 feet thick as sheets spread across Canada, Scandinavia, Russia and South America. Corresponding sea levels plunged more than 400 feet, while global temperatures dipped around 10 degrees Fahrenheit on average and up to 40 degrees in some areas.